Halal E-Numbers — The Complete Guide

Which E-numbers are halal? Of the 313 additives in this guide, 260 are halal, 9 are generally haram, and 44 are mashbooh (doubtful) — meaning the source must be verified before consuming. Here's the full breakdown for Muslim consumers.

Classification follows well-established Islamic dietary principles: additives derived from pork or from animals not slaughtered according to Islamic law are haram; plant-derived, mineral and synthetic additives are halal; and additives that can come from either source are mashbooh — the Prophet's guidance is to leave what is doubtful, so these should be verified via halal certification or the manufacturer. This page is guidance only: always follow your own certifying body.

Haram — generally prohibited

Derived from prohibited or unverified animal sources. Only acceptable with recognised halal certification of a permissible source.

E-NumberNameHalal statusDetails
E120 Carmine Haram Halal guide
E441 Gelatine Haram Halal guide
E542 Bone Phosphate Haram Halal guide
E630 Inosinic Acid Haram Halal guide
E631 Disodium Inosinate Haram Halal guide
E632 Dipotassium Inosinate Haram Halal guide
E633 Calcium Inosinate Haram Halal guide
E634 Calcium 5'-Ribonucleotides Haram Halal guide
E635 Disodium 5'-Ribonucleotides Haram Halal guide

Mashbooh — doubtful, verify the source

Can be halal or haram depending on the source used. Check for halal certification or ask the manufacturer.

E-NumberNameHalal statusDetails
E101 Riboflavin Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E1105 Lysozyme Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E161g Canthaxanthin Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E170 Calcium Carbonate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E234 Nisin Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E304 Ascorbyl Palmitate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E322 Lecithins Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E422 Glycerol Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E432 Polysorbate 20 Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E433 Polysorbate 80 Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E434 Polysorbate 40 Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E435 Polysorbate 60 Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E436 Polysorbate 65 Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E442 Ammonium Phosphatides Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E470a Sodium, Potassium and Calcium Salts of Fatty Acids Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E470b Magnesium Salts of Fatty Acids Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E471 Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E472a Acetic Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E472b Lactic Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E472c Citric Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E472d Tartaric Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E472e DATEM Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E472f Mixed Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E473 Sucrose Esters of Fatty Acids Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E474 Sucroglycerides Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E475 Polyglycerol Esters of Fatty Acids Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E477 Propylene Glycol Esters of Fatty Acids Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E481 Sodium Stearoyl-2-Lactylate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E482 Calcium Stearoyl-2-Lactylate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E483 Stearyl Tartrate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E491 Sorbitan Monostearate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E492 Sorbitan Tristearate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E493 Sorbitan Monolaurate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E494 Sorbitan Monooleate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E495 Sorbitan Monopalmitate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E570 Fatty Acids Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E626 Guanylic Acid Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E627 Disodium Guanylate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E628 Dipotassium Guanylate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E629 Calcium Guanylate Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E640 Glycine and its Sodium Salt Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E904 Shellac Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide
E920 L-Cysteine Mashbooh — Doubtful Halal guide

Halal — permissible

Plant-derived, mineral or synthetic, with no haram source involved.

E-NumberNameHalal statusDetails
E100 Curcumin Halal Halal guide
E102 Tartrazine Halal Halal guide
E104 Quinoline Yellow Halal Halal guide
E110 Sunset Yellow FCF Halal Halal guide
E122 Carmoisine Halal Halal guide
E123 Amaranth Halal Halal guide
E124 Ponceau 4R Halal Halal guide
E127 Erythrosine Halal Halal guide
E129 Allura Red AC Halal Halal guide
E131 Patent Blue V Halal Halal guide
E132 Indigo Carmine Halal Halal guide
E133 Brilliant Blue FCF Halal Halal guide
E140 Chlorophylls Halal Halal guide
E141 Copper Complexes of Chlorophylls Halal Halal guide
E142 Green S Halal Halal guide
E151 Brilliant Black BN Halal Halal guide
E153 Vegetable Carbon Halal Halal guide
E155 Brown HT Halal Halal guide
E162 Beetroot Red Halal Halal guide
E163 Anthocyanins Halal Halal guide
E171 Titanium Dioxide Halal Halal guide
E172 Iron Oxides and Hydroxides Halal Halal guide
E173 Aluminium Halal Halal guide
E174 Silver Halal Halal guide
E175 Gold Halal Halal guide
E180 Litholrubine BK Halal Halal guide
E200 Sorbic Acid Halal Halal guide
E202 Potassium Sorbate Halal Halal guide
E203 Calcium Sorbate Halal Halal guide
E210 Benzoic Acid Halal Halal guide
E211 Sodium Benzoate Halal Halal guide
E212 Potassium Benzoate Halal Halal guide
E213 Calcium Benzoate Halal Halal guide
E214 Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Halal Halal guide
E215 Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Halal Halal guide
E218 Methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Halal Halal guide
E219 Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Halal Halal guide
E220 Sulphur Dioxide Halal Halal guide
E221 Sodium Sulphite Halal Halal guide
E222 Sodium Bisulphite Halal Halal guide
E223 Sodium Metabisulphite Halal Halal guide
E224 Potassium Metabisulphite Halal Halal guide
E226 Calcium Sulphite Halal Halal guide
E227 Calcium Bisulphite Halal Halal guide
E228 Potassium Bisulphite Halal Halal guide
E235 Natamycin Halal Halal guide
E239 Hexamethylene Tetramine Halal Halal guide
E242 Dimethyl Dicarbonate Halal Halal guide
E249 Potassium Nitrite Halal Halal guide
E250 Sodium Nitrite Halal Halal guide
E251 Sodium Nitrate Halal Halal guide
E252 Potassium Nitrate Halal Halal guide
E260 Acetic Acid Halal Halal guide
E261 Potassium Acetate Halal Halal guide
E262 Sodium Acetates Halal Halal guide
E263 Calcium Acetate Halal Halal guide
E270 Lactic Acid Halal Halal guide
E280 Propionic Acid Halal Halal guide
E281 Sodium Propionate Halal Halal guide
E282 Calcium Propionate Halal Halal guide
E283 Potassium Propionate Halal Halal guide
E284 Boric Acid Halal Halal guide
E285 Sodium Tetraborate Halal Halal guide
E290 Carbon Dioxide Halal Halal guide
E296 Malic Acid Halal Halal guide
E297 Fumaric Acid Halal Halal guide
E300 Ascorbic Acid Halal Halal guide
E301 Sodium Ascorbate Halal Halal guide
E302 Calcium Ascorbate Halal Halal guide
E306 Tocopherol-Rich Extract Halal Halal guide
E307 Alpha-Tocopherol Halal Halal guide
E308 Gamma-Tocopherol Halal Halal guide
E309 Delta-Tocopherol Halal Halal guide
E310 Propyl Gallate Halal Halal guide
E311 Octyl Gallate Halal Halal guide
E312 Dodecyl Gallate Halal Halal guide
E315 Erythorbic Acid Halal Halal guide
E316 Sodium Erythorbate Halal Halal guide
E319 TBHQ Halal Halal guide
E320 BHA Halal Halal guide
E321 BHT Halal Halal guide
E325 Sodium Lactate Halal Halal guide
E326 Potassium Lactate Halal Halal guide
E327 Calcium Lactate Halal Halal guide
E330 Citric Acid Halal Halal guide
E331 Sodium Citrates Halal Halal guide
E332 Potassium Citrates Halal Halal guide
E333 Calcium Citrates Halal Halal guide
E334 Tartaric Acid Halal Halal guide
E335 Sodium Tartrates Halal Halal guide
E336 Potassium Tartrates Halal Halal guide
E337 Sodium Potassium Tartrate Halal Halal guide
E338 Phosphoric Acid Halal Halal guide
E339 Sodium Phosphates Halal Halal guide
E340 Potassium Phosphates Halal Halal guide
E341 Calcium Phosphates Halal Halal guide
E343 Magnesium Phosphates Halal Halal guide
E350 Sodium Malates Halal Halal guide
E351 Potassium Malate Halal Halal guide
E352 Calcium Malates Halal Halal guide
E353 Metatartaric Acid Halal Halal guide
E354 Calcium Tartrate Halal Halal guide
E355 Adipic Acid Halal Halal guide
E356 Sodium Adipate Halal Halal guide
E357 Potassium Adipate Halal Halal guide
E363 Succinic Acid Halal Halal guide
E380 Triammonium Citrate Halal Halal guide
E385 Calcium Disodium EDTA Halal Halal guide
E392 Extracts of Rosemary Halal Halal guide
E400 Alginic Acid Halal Halal guide
E401 Sodium Alginate Halal Halal guide
E402 Potassium Alginate Halal Halal guide
E403 Ammonium Alginate Halal Halal guide
E404 Calcium Alginate Halal Halal guide
E405 Propane-1,2-diol Alginate Halal Halal guide
E406 Agar Halal Halal guide
E407 Carrageenan Halal Halal guide
E410 Locust Bean Gum Halal Halal guide
E412 Guar Gum Halal Halal guide
E413 Tragacanth Halal Halal guide
E414 Acacia Gum Halal Halal guide
E415 Xanthan Gum Halal Halal guide
E416 Karaya Gum Halal Halal guide
E417 Tara Gum Halal Halal guide
E418 Gellan Gum Halal Halal guide
E420 Sorbitol Halal Halal guide
E421 Mannitol Halal Halal guide
E425 Konjac Halal Halal guide
E426 Soybean Hemicellulose Halal Halal guide
E427 Cassia Gum Halal Halal guide
E440 Pectin Halal Halal guide
E444 Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate Halal Halal guide
E445 Glycerol Esters of Wood Rosin Halal Halal guide
E450 Diphosphates Halal Halal guide
E451 Triphosphates Halal Halal guide
E452 Polyphosphates Halal Halal guide
E459 Beta-Cyclodextrin Halal Halal guide
E460 Cellulose Halal Halal guide
E461 Methyl Cellulose Halal Halal guide
E463 Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Halal Halal guide
E464 Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Halal Halal guide
E465 Ethyl Methyl Cellulose Halal Halal guide
E466 Carboxymethyl Cellulose Halal Halal guide
E468 Cross-linked Cellulose Gum Halal Halal guide
E469 Enzymatically Hydrolysed Cellulose Gum Halal Halal guide
E476 Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate Halal Halal guide
E500 Sodium Carbonates Halal Halal guide
E501 Potassium Carbonates Halal Halal guide
E503 Ammonium Carbonates Halal Halal guide
E504 Magnesium Carbonates Halal Halal guide
E507 Hydrochloric Acid Halal Halal guide
E508 Potassium Chloride Halal Halal guide
E509 Calcium Chloride Halal Halal guide
E511 Magnesium Chloride Halal Halal guide
E512 Stannous Chloride Halal Halal guide
E513 Sulphuric Acid Halal Halal guide
E514 Sodium Sulphates Halal Halal guide
E515 Potassium Sulphates Halal Halal guide
E516 Calcium Sulphate Halal Halal guide
E517 Ammonium Sulphate Halal Halal guide
E520 Aluminium Sulphate Halal Halal guide
E521 Aluminium Sodium Sulphate Halal Halal guide
E522 Aluminium Potassium Sulphate Halal Halal guide
E523 Aluminium Ammonium Sulphate Halal Halal guide
E524 Sodium Hydroxide Halal Halal guide
E525 Potassium Hydroxide Halal Halal guide
E526 Calcium Hydroxide Halal Halal guide
E527 Ammonium Hydroxide Halal Halal guide
E528 Magnesium Hydroxide Halal Halal guide
E529 Calcium Oxide Halal Halal guide
E530 Magnesium Oxide Halal Halal guide
E535 Sodium Ferrocyanide Halal Halal guide
E536 Potassium Ferrocyanide Halal Halal guide
E538 Calcium Ferrocyanide Halal Halal guide
E541 Sodium Aluminium Phosphate Halal Halal guide
E551 Silicon Dioxide Halal Halal guide
E552 Calcium Silicate Halal Halal guide
E554 Sodium Aluminium Silicate Halal Halal guide
E555 Potassium Aluminium Silicate Halal Halal guide
E556 Calcium Aluminium Silicate Halal Halal guide
E558 Bentonite Halal Halal guide
E559 Kaolin Halal Halal guide
E574 Gluconic Acid Halal Halal guide
E575 Glucono-Delta-Lactone Halal Halal guide
E576 Sodium Gluconate Halal Halal guide
E577 Potassium Gluconate Halal Halal guide
E578 Calcium Gluconate Halal Halal guide
E579 Ferrous Gluconate Halal Halal guide
E585 Ferrous Lactate Halal Halal guide
E586 4-Hexylresorcinol Halal Halal guide
E620 Glutamic Acid Halal Halal guide
E621 Monosodium Glutamate Halal Halal guide
E622 Monopotassium Glutamate Halal Halal guide
E623 Calcium Diglutamate Halal Halal guide
E624 Monoammonium Glutamate Halal Halal guide
E625 Magnesium Diglutamate Halal Halal guide
E650 Zinc Acetate Halal Halal guide
E900 Dimethylpolysiloxane Halal Halal guide
E901 Beeswax Halal Halal guide
E902 Candelilla Wax Halal Halal guide
E903 Carnauba Wax Halal Halal guide
E905 Microcrystalline Wax Halal Halal guide
E914 Oxidised Polyethylene Wax Halal Halal guide
E938 Argon Halal Halal guide
E939 Helium Halal Halal guide
E941 Nitrogen Halal Halal guide
E942 Nitrous Oxide Halal Halal guide
E944 Propane Halal Halal guide
E948 Oxygen Halal Halal guide
E949 Hydrogen Halal Halal guide
E950 Acesulfame K Halal Halal guide
E951 Aspartame Halal Halal guide
E952 Cyclamate Halal Halal guide
E953 Isomalt Halal Halal guide
E954 Saccharin Halal Halal guide
E955 Sucralose Halal Halal guide
E957 Thaumatin Halal Halal guide
E959 Neohesperidine DC Halal Halal guide
E960 Steviol Glycosides Halal Halal guide
E961 Neotame Halal Halal guide
E962 Salt of Aspartame-Acesulfame Halal Halal guide
E965 Maltitol Halal Halal guide
E966 Lactitol Halal Halal guide
E967 Xylitol Halal Halal guide
E968 Erythritol Halal Halal guide
E999 Quillaia Extract Halal Halal guide
E1103 Invertase Halal Halal guide
E1200 Polydextrose Halal Halal guide
E1201 Polyvinylpyrrolidone Halal Halal guide
E1202 Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Halal Halal guide
E1204 Pullulan Halal Halal guide
E1404 Oxidised Starch Halal Halal guide
E1410 Monostarch Phosphate Halal Halal guide
E1412 Distarch Phosphate Halal Halal guide
E1413 Phosphated Distarch Phosphate Halal Halal guide
E1414 Acetylated Distarch Phosphate Halal Halal guide
E1420 Acetylated Starch Halal Halal guide
E1422 Acetylated Distarch Adipate Halal Halal guide
E1440 Hydroxypropyl Starch Halal Halal guide
E1442 Hydroxypropyl Distarch Phosphate Halal Halal guide
E1450 Starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate Halal Halal guide
E1451 Acetylated Oxidised Starch Halal Halal guide
E1505 Triethyl Citrate Halal Halal guide
E150a Plain Caramel Halal Halal guide
E150b Caustic Sulphite Caramel Halal Halal guide
E150c Ammonia Caramel Halal Halal guide
E150d Sulphite Ammonia Caramel Halal Halal guide
E1520 Propylene Glycol Halal Halal guide
E160a Carotenes Halal Halal guide
E160b Annatto Halal Halal guide
E160c Paprika Extract Halal Halal guide
E160d Lycopene Halal Halal guide
E160e Beta-apo-8'-carotenal Halal Halal guide
E161b Lutein Halal Halal guide
E407a Processed Eucheuma Seaweed Halal Halal guide
E479b Thermally Oxidised Soya Bean Oil Halal Halal guide
E553a Magnesium Silicates Halal Halal guide
E553b Talc Halal Halal guide
E927b Carbamide Halal Halal guide
E943a Butane Halal Halal guide

Many haram and mashbooh additives are animal-derived — our E-numbers from animals guide explains exactly which animals and which parts, which often settles the question quickly.

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Additive data sourced from Open Food Facts (ODbL licence) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). This page is for general information and does not provide medical or dietary advice.

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