E-Numbers and Asthma — Sulphites and Other Triggers
Sulphites (E220–E228) are the additives most clearly linked to asthma: they can trigger wheezing and attacks in sensitive people — estimated 5–10% of people with asthma.
Sulphites release sulphur dioxide, which sensitive airways react to. Highest exposures: wine, cider, dried fruit, fruit juices, frozen chips, sausages.
Benzoates (E210–E213) can also worsen symptoms in some sensitive asthmatics. If you have asthma and suspect food triggers, discuss testing with your GP.
See also: sulphite-free eating guide.
Sulphites — the main asthma trigger additives
| E-Number | Name | Safety | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| E150b | Caustic Sulphite Caramel | Some concerns | Full details |
| E150d | Sulphite Ammonia Caramel | Some concerns | Full details |
| E210 | Benzoic Acid | Some concerns | Full details |
| E211 | Sodium Benzoate | Some concerns | Full details |
| E212 | Potassium Benzoate | Some concerns | Full details |
| E213 | Calcium Benzoate | Some concerns | Full details |
| E220 | Sulphur Dioxide | Some concerns | Full details |
| E221 | Sodium Sulphite | Some concerns | Full details |
| E222 | Sodium Hydrogen Sulphite | Some concerns | Full details |
| E223 | Sodium Metabisulphite | Some concerns | Full details |
| E224 | Potassium Metabisulphite | Some concerns | Full details |
| E226 | Calcium Sulphite | Some concerns | Full details |
| E227 | Calcium Hydrogen Sulphite | Some concerns | Full details |
| E228 | Potassium Hydrogen Sulphite | Some concerns | Full details |
Affiliate links — we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you.
Allergy and Asthma Guide
Sulphite-Free Wine
Low-sulphite and organic wines — better for sulphite-sensitive people.
Food Intolerance Test
Home test kit to identify which additives or foods are affecting you.
Data: Open Food Facts (ODbL) · EFSA. General information only — not medical or dietary advice.