E-Numbers A–Z — Every Additive Explained

Every E-number in one place: 335 additives, each with a colour-coded safety verdict.

Grouped by number range. Check the calorie content of foods containing any of these additives, or see which are safe for cats and safe for dogs.

E100–E199

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E100 Curcumin Safe Full details
E101 Riboflavin Safe Full details
E102 Tartrazine Some concerns Full details
E104 Quinoline Yellow Some concerns Full details
E110 Sunset Yellow FCF Some concerns Full details
E120 Cochineal Safe Full details
E122 Carmoisine Some concerns Full details
E123 Amaranth Banned/restricted Full details
E124 Ponceau 4R Some concerns Full details
E127 Erythrosine Some concerns Full details
E128 Red 2G Avoid Full details
E129 Allura Red AC Some concerns Full details
E131 Patent Blue V Some concerns Full details
E132 Indigotine Some concerns Full details
E133 Brilliant Blue FCF Safe Full details
E140 Chlorophylls Safe Full details
E141 Copper Complexes of Chlorophyll Safe Full details
E142 Green S Some concerns Full details
E150a Plain Caramel Safe Full details
E150b Caustic Sulphite Caramel Some concerns Full details
E150c Ammonia Caramel Some concerns Full details
E150d Sulphite Ammonia Caramel Some concerns Full details
E151 Brilliant Black BN Some concerns Full details
E153 Vegetable Carbon Safe Full details
E155 Brown HT Some concerns Full details
E160a Beta-Carotene Safe Full details
E160b Annatto Some concerns Full details
E160c Paprika Extract Safe Full details
E160d Lycopene Safe Full details
E161b Lutein Safe Full details
E161g Canthaxanthin Some concerns Full details
E162 Beetroot Red Safe Full details
E163 Anthocyanins Safe Full details
E170 Calcium Carbonate Safe Full details
E171 Titanium Dioxide Banned/restricted Full details
E172 Iron Oxides and Hydroxides Safe Full details
E173 Aluminium Some concerns Full details
E174 Silver Safe Full details
E175 Gold Safe Full details
E180 Litholrubine BK Some concerns Full details

E200–E299

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E200 Sorbic Acid Safe Full details
E201 Sodium Sorbate Safe Full details
E202 Potassium Sorbate Safe Full details
E203 Calcium Sorbate Safe Full details
E210 Benzoic Acid Some concerns Full details
E211 Sodium Benzoate Some concerns Full details
E212 Potassium Benzoate Some concerns Full details
E213 Calcium Benzoate Some concerns Full details
E214 Ethyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate Avoid Full details
E215 Sodium Ethyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate Avoid Full details
E218 Methyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate Some concerns Full details
E219 Sodium Methyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate Some concerns Full details
E220 Sulphur Dioxide Some concerns Full details
E221 Sodium Sulphite Some concerns Full details
E222 Sodium Hydrogen Sulphite Some concerns Full details
E223 Sodium Metabisulphite Some concerns Full details
E224 Potassium Metabisulphite Some concerns Full details
E226 Calcium Sulphite Some concerns Full details
E227 Calcium Hydrogen Sulphite Some concerns Full details
E228 Potassium Hydrogen Sulphite Some concerns Full details
E234 Nisin Safe Full details
E235 Natamycin Safe Full details
E239 Hexamethylene Tetramine Avoid Full details
E242 Dimethyl Dicarbonate Safe Full details
E249 Potassium Nitrite Some concerns Full details
E250 Sodium Nitrite Some concerns Full details
E251 Sodium Nitrate Some concerns Full details
E252 Potassium Nitrate Some concerns Full details
E260 Acetic Acid Safe Full details
E261 Potassium Acetate Safe Full details
E262 Sodium Acetates Safe Full details
E263 Calcium Acetate Safe Full details
E270 Lactic Acid Safe Full details
E280 Propionic Acid Safe Full details
E281 Sodium Propionate Safe Full details
E282 Calcium Propionate Safe Full details
E283 Potassium Propionate Safe Full details
E284 Boric Acid Avoid Full details
E285 Sodium Tetraborate Avoid Full details
E290 Carbon Dioxide Safe Full details
E296 Malic Acid Safe Full details
E297 Fumaric Acid Safe Full details

E300–E399

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E300 Ascorbic Acid Safe Full details
E301 Sodium Ascorbate Safe Full details
E302 Calcium Ascorbate Safe Full details
E304 Fatty Acid Esters of Ascorbic Acid Safe Full details
E306 Tocopherol-Rich Extract Safe Full details
E307 Alpha-Tocopherol Safe Full details
E308 Gamma-Tocopherol Safe Full details
E309 Delta-Tocopherol Safe Full details
E310 Propyl Gallate Some concerns Full details
E311 Octyl Gallate Some concerns Full details
E312 Dodecyl Gallate Some concerns Full details
E315 Erythorbic Acid Safe Full details
E316 Sodium Erythorbate Safe Full details
E319 Tertiary Butylhydroquinone Some concerns Full details
E320 Butylated Hydroxyanisole Some concerns Full details
E321 Butylated Hydroxytoluene Some concerns Full details
E322 Lecithins Safe Full details
E325 Sodium Lactate Safe Full details
E326 Potassium Lactate Safe Full details
E327 Calcium Lactate Safe Full details
E330 Citric Acid Safe Full details
E331 Sodium Citrates Safe Full details
E332 Potassium Citrates Safe Full details
E333 Calcium Citrates Safe Full details
E334 Tartaric Acid Safe Full details
E335 Sodium Tartrates Safe Full details
E336 Potassium Tartrates Safe Full details
E337 Sodium Potassium Tartrate Safe Full details
E338 Phosphoric Acid Some concerns Full details
E339 Sodium Phosphates Some concerns Full details
E340 Potassium Phosphates Some concerns Full details
E341 Calcium Phosphates Safe Full details
E343 Magnesium Phosphates Safe Full details
E350 Sodium Malates Safe Full details
E351 Potassium Malate Safe Full details
E352 Calcium Malates Safe Full details
E353 Metatartaric Acid Safe Full details
E354 Calcium Tartrate Safe Full details
E355 Adipic Acid Safe Full details
E356 Sodium Adipate Safe Full details
E357 Potassium Adipate Safe Full details
E363 Succinic Acid Safe Full details
E380 Triammonium Citrate Safe Full details
E385 Calcium Disodium EDTA Safe Full details
E392 Rosemary Extract Safe Full details

E400–E499

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E400 Alginic Acid Safe Full details
E401 Sodium Alginate Safe Full details
E402 Potassium Alginate Safe Full details
E403 Ammonium Alginate Safe Full details
E404 Calcium Alginate Safe Full details
E405 Propylene Glycol Alginate Safe Full details
E406 Agar Safe Full details
E407 Carrageenan Some concerns Full details
E407a Processed Eucheuma Seaweed Some concerns Full details
E410 Locust Bean Gum Safe Full details
E412 Guar Gum Safe Full details
E413 Tragacanth Safe Full details
E414 Acacia Gum Safe Full details
E415 Xanthan Gum Safe Full details
E416 Karaya Gum Safe Full details
E417 Tara Gum Safe Full details
E418 Gellan Gum Safe Full details
E420 Sorbitol Safe Full details
E421 Mannitol Safe Full details
E422 Glycerol Safe Full details
E425 Konjac Safe Full details
E426 Soybean Hemicellulose Safe Full details
E427 Cassia Gum Safe Full details
E431 Polyoxyethylene Stearate Safe Full details
E432 Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monolaurate Safe Full details
E433 Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Mono-Oleate Safe Full details
E434 Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate Safe Full details
E435 Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monostearate Safe Full details
E436 Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Tristearate Safe Full details
E440 Pectins Safe Full details
E441 Gelatine Safe Full details
E442 Ammonium Phosphatides Safe Full details
E444 Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate Safe Full details
E445 Glycerol Esters of Wood Rosins Safe Full details
E450 Diphosphates Safe Full details
E451 Triphosphates Safe Full details
E452 Polyphosphates Safe Full details
E459 Beta-Cyclodextrin Safe Full details
E460 Cellulose Safe Full details
E461 Methyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E462 Ethyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E463 Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E464 Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E465 Methyl Ethyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E466 Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E468 Crosslinked Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E469 Enzymatically Hydrolysed Carboxymethyl Cellulose Safe Full details
E470a Sodium, Potassium and Calcium Salts of Fatty Acids Safe Full details
E470b Magnesium Salts of Fatty Acids Safe Full details
E471 Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids Safe Full details
E472a Acetic Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Safe Full details
E472b Lactic Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Safe Full details
E472c Citric Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Safe Full details
E472d Tartaric Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides Safe Full details
E472e Mono- and Diacetyl Tartaric Acid Esters Safe Full details
E472f Mixed Acetic and Tartaric Acid Esters Safe Full details
E473 Sucrose Esters of Fatty Acids Safe Full details
E474 Sucroglycerides Safe Full details
E475 Polyglycerol Esters of Fatty Acids Safe Full details
E476 Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate Safe Full details
E477 Propylene Glycol Esters of Fatty Acids Safe Full details
E479b Thermally Oxidised Soya Bean Oil Safe Full details
E481 Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate Safe Full details
E482 Calcium Stearoyl Lactylate Safe Full details
E483 Stearyl Tartrate Safe Full details
E491 Sorbitan Monostearate Safe Full details
E492 Sorbitan Tristearate Safe Full details
E493 Sorbitan Monolaurate Safe Full details
E494 Sorbitan Monooleate Safe Full details
E495 Sorbitan Monopalmitate Safe Full details

E500–E599

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E500 Sodium Carbonates Safe Full details
E501 Potassium Carbonates Safe Full details
E503 Ammonium Carbonates Safe Full details
E504 Magnesium Carbonates Safe Full details
E507 Hydrochloric Acid Safe Full details
E508 Potassium Chloride Safe Full details
E509 Calcium Chloride Safe Full details
E511 Magnesium Chloride Safe Full details
E512 Stannous Chloride Safe Full details
E513 Sulphuric Acid Safe Full details
E514 Sodium Sulphates Safe Full details
E515 Potassium Sulphates Safe Full details
E516 Calcium Sulphate Safe Full details
E517 Ammonium Sulphate Safe Full details
E520 Aluminium Sulphate Some concerns Full details
E521 Aluminium Sodium Sulphate Some concerns Full details
E522 Aluminium Potassium Sulphate Some concerns Full details
E523 Aluminium Ammonium Sulphate Some concerns Full details
E524 Sodium Hydroxide Safe Full details
E525 Potassium Hydroxide Safe Full details
E526 Calcium Hydroxide Safe Full details
E527 Ammonium Hydroxide Safe Full details
E528 Magnesium Hydroxide Safe Full details
E529 Calcium Oxide Safe Full details
E530 Magnesium Oxide Safe Full details
E535 Sodium Ferrocyanide Safe Full details
E536 Potassium Ferrocyanide Safe Full details
E538 Calcium Ferrocyanide Safe Full details
E541 Sodium Aluminium Phosphate Some concerns Full details
E542 Bone Phosphate Safe Full details
E551 Silicon Dioxide Safe Full details
E552 Calcium Silicate Safe Full details
E553a Magnesium Silicate Safe Full details
E553b Talc Some concerns Full details
E554 Sodium Aluminium Silicate Safe Full details
E555 Potassium Aluminium Silicate Safe Full details
E556 Calcium Aluminium Silicate Safe Full details
E558 Bentonite Safe Full details
E559 Aluminium Silicate Safe Full details
E570 Fatty Acids Safe Full details
E574 Gluconic Acid Safe Full details
E575 Glucono Delta-Lactone Safe Full details
E576 Sodium Gluconate Safe Full details
E577 Potassium Gluconate Safe Full details
E578 Calcium Gluconate Safe Full details
E579 Ferrous Gluconate Safe Full details
E585 Ferrous Lactate Safe Full details
E586 4-Hexylresorcinol Safe Full details

E600–E699

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E620 Glutamic Acid Safe Full details
E621 Monosodium Glutamate Safe Full details
E622 Monopotassium Glutamate Safe Full details
E623 Calcium Diglutamate Safe Full details
E624 Monoammonium Glutamate Safe Full details
E625 Magnesium Diglutamate Safe Full details
E626 Guanylic Acid Safe Full details
E627 Disodium Guanylate Safe Full details
E628 Dipotassium Guanylate Safe Full details
E629 Calcium Guanylate Safe Full details
E630 Inosinic Acid Safe Full details
E631 Disodium Inosinate Safe Full details
E632 Dipotassium Inosinate Safe Full details
E633 Calcium Inosinate Safe Full details
E634 Calcium 5-Ribonucleotides Safe Full details
E635 Disodium 5-Ribonucleotides Safe Full details
E640 Glycine and its Sodium Salt Safe Full details
E641 L-Leucine Safe Full details
E650 Zinc Acetate Safe Full details

E900–E999

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E900 Dimethyl Polysiloxane Safe Full details
E901 Beeswax Safe Full details
E902 Candelilla Wax Safe Full details
E903 Carnauba Wax Safe Full details
E904 Shellac Safe Full details
E905 Microcrystalline Wax Safe Full details
E912 Montan Acid Esters Safe Full details
E914 Oxidised Polyethylene Wax Safe Full details
E920 L-Cysteine Safe Full details
E927b Carbamide Safe Full details
E938 Argon Safe Full details
E939 Helium Safe Full details
E941 Nitrogen Safe Full details
E942 Nitrous Oxide Safe Full details
E943a Butane Safe Full details
E943b Isobutane Safe Full details
E944 Propane Safe Full details
E948 Oxygen Safe Full details
E949 Hydrogen Safe Full details
E950 Acesulfame K Safe Full details
E951 Aspartame Some concerns Full details
E952 Cyclamate Banned/restricted Full details
E953 Isomalt Safe Full details
E954 Saccharin Some concerns Full details
E955 Sucralose Safe Full details
E957 Thaumatin Safe Full details
E959 Neohesperidine DC Safe Full details
E960 Steviol Glycosides Safe Full details
E961 Neotame Safe Full details
E962 Aspartame-Acesulfame Salt Some concerns Full details
E964 Polyglycitol Syrup Safe Full details
E965 Maltitol Safe Full details
E966 Lactitol Safe Full details
E967 Xylitol Safe Full details
E968 Erythritol Safe Full details
E969 Advantame Safe Full details
E999 Quillaia Extract Safe Full details

E1000–E1099

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E1001 Choline Salts Safe Full details

E1100–E1199

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E1100 Amylases Safe Full details
E1101 Proteases Safe Full details
E1102 Glucose Oxidase Safe Full details
E1103 Invertase Safe Full details
E1104 Lipase Safe Full details
E1105 Lysozyme Safe Full details

E1200–E1299

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E1200 Polydextrose Safe Full details
E1201 Polyvinylpyrrolidone Safe Full details
E1202 Polyvinyl Polypyrrolidone Safe Full details
E1203 Polyvinyl Alcohol Safe Full details
E1204 Pullulan Safe Full details
E1205 Basic Methacrylate Copolymer Safe Full details

E1400–E1499

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E1400 Dextrin Safe Full details
E1401 Acid-Treated Starch Safe Full details
E1402 Alkaline-Treated Starch Safe Full details
E1403 Bleached Starch Safe Full details
E1404 Oxidised Starch Safe Full details
E1410 Monostarch Phosphate Safe Full details
E1412 Distarch Phosphate Safe Full details
E1413 Phosphated Distarch Phosphate Safe Full details
E1414 Acetylated Distarch Phosphate Safe Full details
E1420 Acetylated Starch Safe Full details
E1422 Acetylated Distarch Adipate Safe Full details
E1440 Hydroxypropyl Starch Safe Full details
E1442 Hydroxypropyl Distarch Phosphate Safe Full details
E1450 Starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate Safe Full details
E1451 Acetylated Oxidised Starch Safe Full details
E1452 Starch Aluminium Octenyl Succinate Safe Full details

E1500–E1599

E-NumberNameSafetyDetails
E1503 Castor Oil Safe Full details
E1505 Triethyl Citrate Safe Full details
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate Safe Full details
E1520 Propylene Glycol Safe Full details
E1521 Polyethylene Glycol Safe Full details

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Data: Open Food Facts (ODbL) · EFSA. General information only — not medical or dietary advice.

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