Foods Containing E234 (Nisin)
E234 (Nisin) is a natural preservative produced by bacterial fermentation, often on dairy-based media, used as a preservative to help prevent spoilage by stopping the growth of bacteria, moulds and yeasts. Here's where you're most likely to find it on food labels.
Common foods that contain E234
E234 is used across soft drinks, dried fruit, processed meats, sauces, baked goods and wine. The foods where it appears most often include:
- Soft drinks
- Dried fruit
- Processed meats
- Sauces
- Baked goods and wine
Exact usage varies by brand and recipe — the only way to know for certain whether a specific product contains E234 is to check its ingredients list, where it must be declared by law, either as "E234" or as "Nisin".
How to spot E234 on a label
In the UK and EU, additives must appear in the ingredients list with their function and either their E-number or full name — for example "preservatives: E234" or "preservatives: nisin". In the US the E-number system isn't used, so look for the full name "Nisin" instead.
Should you avoid foods containing E234?
E234 is considered safe. It is authorised across the EU, UK and US, and safety evaluations by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have not identified health concerns at the levels used in food. For most people there is no reason to avoid E234.
Full guide to E234: safety, vegan and halal status →
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Additive data sourced from Open Food Facts (ODbL licence) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).